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French Lesson: Most Common Group 2e French Verbs -ir
Card #
French
English
Image
1
transir
(lit.) to chill to the bone [cold], benumb, paralyze [fright]
2
épanouir
(lit.) to open out [flower]
3
estourbir
(lit.) to stun [by a blow], to stupefy
4
nordir
(mar.) to turn north [wind]
5
décatir, se
(rare) to age, lose one’s freshness
6
blettir
(rare) to become over-ripe [fruit]
7
rembrunir, se
(rare) to cloud over [sky], darken, become sad [face]
8
candir, se
(rare) to crystallize [sugar]
9
embrunir, s’
(rare) to darken
10
chancir
(rare) to go mouldy
11
chancir, se
(rare) to go mouldy
12
crépir
(rare) to grain (leather), roughcast (wall)
13
embrunir
(rare) to make brown, darken
14
doucir
(rare) to polish (metal, glass)
15
décrépir
(rare) to strip plaster
16
déglutir
(rare) to swallow
17
décatir
(rare) to take the gloss off (cloth)
18
écrouir
(tech). to hammer-harden (metal)
19
moitir
(tech.) to make wet (paper)
20
rouir
(tech.) to steep, soak in liquid (flax)
21
subvertir
didact. to subvert, undermine (public order)
22
tarir d’éloges sur qn, ne pas
not to be able to stop praising sb
23
abolir
to abolish
24
accomplir
to accomplish, carry out
25
dégrossir, se
to acquire polish
26
agir
to act
27
vieillir
to age
28
amerrir
to alight (on the sea)
29
divertir, se
to amuse o.s.
30
divertir
to amuse, entertain
31
surgir
to appear suddenly [rock in sea], arise [difficulties], loom
32
applaudir
to applaud
33
assaillir
to assault, attack
34
ébahir
to astound, flabbergast
35
bannir de
to bannish from, expel from
36
glapir
to bark [fox], yap, yelp [young dog]
37
rôtir au soleil, se
to bask in the sun
38
agir de, s’
to be about
39
désemplir, ne pas se
to be always full [store]
40
répartir en, se
to be divided up into
41
réjouir de, se
to be glad of, be delighted to
42
attendrir, s’
to be moved, become tender [meat]
43
sévir
to be rampant [poverty], be severe [cold], rage [war]
44
réfléchir, se
to be reflected [light], reverberate [sound]
45
racornir, se
to become as hard as horn
46
bouffir
to become bloated, swollen
47
enhardir, s’
to become bolder
48
convertir à, se
to become converted, turn to
49
fraîchir
to become cooler [weather]
50
rafraîchir, se
to become cooler [weather], to refresh o.s., to have sth to drink
51
amortir, s’
to become deadened
52
désunir, se
to become disunited, to come apart
53
dépolir, se
to become dull
54
aguerrir, s’
to become hardened
55
appesantir, s’
to become heavy
56
aveulir, s’
to become indifferent
57
tiédir
to become lukewarm [water], cool off [friendship], cool down
58
embellir, s’
to become more beautiful
59
rétrécir, se
to become narrower [street]
60
obscurcir, s’
to become obscure, cloud over [sky]
61
rancir, se
to become old [ideas]
62
endolorir, s’
to become painful
63
pâlir
to become pale, fade [colour]
64
pervertir, se
to become perverted
65
rancir
to become rancid [oil, butter, fat]
66
arrondir, s’
to become round
67
assouvir, s’
to become sated, glut o.s.
68
raccourcir, se
to become shorter
69
aplanir, s’
to become smoother, easier
70
amollir, s’
to become soft
71
ramollir, se
to become soft
72
affermir, s’
to become stronger
73
rabougrir, se
to become stunted [plant]
74
abêtir, s’
to become stupid
75
assouplir, s’
to become supple
76
affadir, s’
to become tasteless, insipid
77
épaissir, s’
to become thick [smoke], thicken [hair, fog], grow fat
78
affaiblir, s’
to become weak, lose strength
79
assagir, s’
to become wiser, sober down
80
mugir
to bellow [bull], low [cow], roar [wind]
81
fléchir
to bend (knee), sag [knees], weaken [currency]
82
infléchir
to bend (ray, policy)
83
infléchir, s’
to bend [ray], cave in [structure]
84
engourdir
to benumb (mind, limb) [cold, heat]
85
trahir
to betray, give away (secret), misrepresent (thought)
86
ahurir
to bewilder, flabbergast
87
noircir
to blacken
88
bénir
to bless
89
fleurir
to blossom [plant] (imparfait fleurissait); thrive, flourish (imparfait florissait)
90
rosir
to blush, become pink
91
rebondir
to bounce [ball], to rebound [from depression, disappointment]
92
bondir
to bounce, leap, spring
93
raidir, se
to brace o.s., become stiff [cable]
94
brandir
to brandish (arm), wave about (object)
95
affranchir de, s’
to break free from
96
désassortir
to break up (collection)
97
meurtrir
to bruise (flesh, fruit), wound (morally sb)
98
polir, se
to buff (nails)
99
bâtir
to build, construct
100
enfouir
to bury
101
enfouir, s’
to bury o.s.
102
radoucir, se
to calm down, become milder [weather]
103
assagir
to calm down, sober
104
ragaillardir, se
to cheer o.s. up
105
ragaillardir
to cheer up (depressed or tired person)
106
chérir
to cherish
107
choisir
to choose, select
108
assainir
to cleanse, make healthier
109
blanchir, se
to clear one’s name
110
éclaircir
to clear up (mystery), thin (forest)
111
éclaircir, s’
to clear up [weather], become clearer [situation], become thinner [hair]
112
assombrir, s’
to cloud over, become dark
113
emboutir, s’
to collide [cars]
114
applaudir, s’
to congratulate o.s.
115
convertir
to convert, win over
116
rafraîchir
to cool down (drink, room), refresh (memory), freshen up (colour)
117
refroidir
to cool down (enthusiasm)
118
attiédir
to cool down, make lukewarm
119
attiédir, s’
to cool off, become less enthusiast
120
saillir
to cover (mare) [horse] (defective verb used only in infinitive and 3rd persons]
121
farcir la mémoire de, se
to cram one’s memory with
122
tapir, se
to crouch, stoop with the limbs pulled close to the body
123
blottir, se
to curl up, snuggle up
124
maudire
to curse (participe passé maudit)
125
assombrir
to darken
126
obscurcir
to darken, obscure
127
éblouir
to dazzle
128
amortir
to deaden (sound), amortize, depreciate
129
assourdir
to deafen, tone down
130
sévir contre
to deal severely with
131
approfondir
to deepen, study thoroughly
132
définir
to define
133
abâtardir, s’
to degenerate
134
abrutir, s’
to degrade o.s.
135
avilir
to degrade, render vile
136
ravilir
to degrade, vilify
137
réjouir
to delight
138
ravir
to delight (sb), give great pleasure
139
avilir, s’
to demean o.s., lose value
140
démolir
to demolish (house), knock down (argument)
141
démunir de
to deprive from
142
abâtardir
to deteriorate, debase
143
assourdir, s’
to die away, grow fainter
144
fouir
to dig ground [animal]
145
amoindrir, s’
to diminish, grow less
146
salir
to dirty (linen), tarnish (reputation)
147
resalir
to dirty again
148
ensevelir, s’
to disappear (under ruins)
149
honnir
to disgrace, dishonour
150
travestir
to disguise, misrepresent (thought)
151
désobéir à
to disobey, be disobedient
152
dessaisir de
to dispossess of
153
répartir
to distribute (heath, weight), spread (risk, payments), divide up (work)
154
désunir
to disunite, divide (people), separate (boards)
155
répartir, se
to divide (in two groups), divide up among each other (work)
156
lotir
to divide into lots
157
assoupir, s’
to doze off
158
travestir, se
to dress as sb of the opposite sex
159
étourdir, s’
to drown one’s sorrows, try to forget
160
tarir
to dry up [spring, tears], run dry [imagination]
161
assoupir
to dull (pain), lull (passion), make drowsy (sb)
162
dépolir
to dull (surface), to grind (glass)
163
abasourdir
to dumbfound, stun, bewilder
164
nourrir de, se
to eat, live on
165
embellir
to embellish, make more beautiful
166
aigrir
to embitter, sour
167
dégarnir
to empty (bank account, store window)
168
désemplir, se
to empty [room]
169
aboutir
to end up, succeed
170
jouir de
to enjoy (life)
171
anoblir
to ennoble
172
ennoblir
to ennoble (sb), improve the quality (product)
173
enrichir
to enrich, make wealthy
174
asservir
to enslave, reduce to slavery
175
établir
to establish (business), set up (record), prove (fact)
176
établir, s’
to establish o.s. (in a place), become established [custom]
177
évanouir, s’
to faint
178
rejaillir sur
to fall back on [shame, disgrace]
179
décrépir, se
to fall into disrepair
180
nourrir
to feed, cherish (hope)
181
remplir
to fill (glass, questionnaire)
182
remplir, se
to fill [room]
183
emplir
to fill up
184
garnir, se
to fill up [room]
185
emplir de, s’
to fill up with
186
remplir de
to fill with
187
empuantir
to fill with stink, with bad odour
188
finir
to finish, end
189
aplatir
to flatten
190
refleurir
to flower again, blossom again, flourish anew
191
fourbir
to furbish (arm), polish up (metal object)
192
regrossir
to gain weight again
193
ébahir de, s’
to gape at, stand dumbfounded at
194
guérir, se
to get better
195
salir, se
to get dirty
196
adoucir, s’
to get milder [weather]
197
mincir
to get thinner
198
trahir, se
to give o.s. away
199
dénantir de, se
to give up, to part with (securities)
200
resplendir de
to glow with (health)
201
brunir, se
to go darker
202
gravir
to go up (hill), climb (social ladder)
203
enchérir
to go up in price, make a higher bid
204
régir
to govern, require (subjunctive, indicative)
205
impartir
to grant (right, favour)
206
grossir
to grow bigger, enlarge, magnify (object)
207
approfondir, s’
to grow deeper
208
alourdir, s’
to grow heavy, stupid, dull
209
agrandir, s’
to grow larger
210
engourdir, s’
to grow numb [limb]
211
appauvrir, s’
to grow poor
212
enrichir, s’
to grow rich, make money
213
forcir
to grow stronger [wind], to grow strong [child]
214
grandir
to grow tall [child], increase [power, discontent], magnify [microscope]
215
amaigrir, s’
to grow thin
216
enlaidir, s’
to grow ugly
217
garantir
to guarantee, secure (debt)
218
prémunir contre, se
to guard against
219
durcir
to harden
220
raffermir, se
to harden [muscle], improve [health], steady [prices]
221
aguerrir
to harden to hardship
222
endurcir, s’
to harden, become tough
223
durcir, se
to harden, grow hard
224
ourdir
to hatch (plot), weave (intrigue)
225
rétroagir
to have a retroactive effect, act on the past
226
guérir de
to heal, to cure, to get over from (fever)
227
appauvrir
to impoverish
228
assainir, s’
to improve, become sounder
229
renchérir
to increase in price [goods]
230
envahir
to invade
231
intervertir
to invert, reverse the order
232
investir
to invest (money), besiege (place)
233
investir de
to invest with (mission)
234
réunir
to join together (things), gather (information), convene (assembly)
235
franchir
to jump over (ditch), get over (difficulty), break (sound barrier)
236
pétrir
to knead (dough, bread)
237
alunir
to land on the moon
238
atterrir
to land, touch ground
239
languir
to languish, become weak, be slack [business]
240
croupir
to lie (in filth), stagnate [water]
241
aplatir, s’
to lie down flat, become flatter
242
défleurir
to loose blossom [tree]
243
avachir, s’
to loose one’s energy, become sloppy
244
ameublir
to loosen, break up (soil)
245
dégarnir, se
to lose its leaves, one’s hair
246
déraidir, se
to lose its stiffness [limb], become less tense
247
ternir, se
to lose luster [silver]
248
ternir
to lose luster [silver], tarnish [reputation]
249
défraîchir, se
to lose one’s freshness
250
maigrir
to lose weight
251
racornir
to make as hard as horn [leather], harden
252
enhardir
to make bolder
253
alourdir
to make heavy
254
appesantir
to make heavy
255
aveulir
to make indifferent
256
agrandir
to make larger
257
désenlaidir
to make less ugly
258
vieillir, se
to make o.s. older or look older
259
grandir, se
to make o.s. taller, more important
260
rajeunir, se
to make o.s. younger or look younger
261
endolorir
to make painful, sore (limb)
262
enorgueillir
to make proud
263
rajeunir
to make sb look or feel younger, rejuvenate
264
rétrécir
to make smaller or shorter (skirt, pants), narrow (street), shrink (garment)
265
abêtir
to make stupid
266
assouplir
to make supple, soften
267
affadir
to make tasteless, insipid
268
attendrir
to make tender (meat), soften (vegetables)
269
amaigrir
to make thin, impoverish (soil)
270
enlaidir
to make ugly
271
assortir
to match (colours), stock (shop)
272
réunir, se
to meet, gather together
273
moisir
to mildew, go mouldy
274
gémir
to moan, groan
275
déguerpir
to move out secretly [tenant], bolt
276
hennir
to neigh [horse], whinny
277
obéir à
to obey
278
épanouir, s’
to open out [flower], light up [face], blossom out [beauty]
279
renchérir sur
to outbid, to outdo (sb)
280
surenchérir
to overbid, bid higher, rise higher in price
281
démunir de, se
to part with, give up (sth)
282
périr
to perish, die (unnaturally)
283
pervertir
to pervert, corrupt
284
polir
to polish (metal), refine (mind, manners)
285
préétablir
to pre-establish
286
enorgueillir de, s’
to pride o.s. on
287
fournir de, se
to provide o.s. with
288
munir de, se
to provide o.s. with
289
prémunir de, se
to provide o.s. with
290
nantir de
to provide with
291
munir de
to provide with, equip with
292
débâtir
to pull down
293
punir
to punish
294
ressortir à
to purtain to, be under the jurisdiction of (court, country)
295
assouvir
to quench (thirst), appease (passion)
296
frémir de
to quiver with, shiver with
297
res(s)urgir
to re-emerge, rise again
298
réagir à
to react to
299
rebâtir
to rebuild
300
ressaisir
to recapture (fugitive)
301
reconvertir
to reconvert
302
guérir de, se
to recover from
303
rétablir, se
to recover, get well again
304
redémolir
to redemolish
305
désinvestir
to reduce one’s investments
306
anéantir
to reduce to nothing
307
amoindrir
to reduce, diminish
308
réfléchir
to reflect (light)
309
ressaisir, se
to regain one’s self-control
310
réinvestir
to reinvest
311
dessaisir de, se
to relinquish, part with
312
dégourdir
to remove stiffness from (limb), revive
313
dévernir
to remove varnish
314
repolir
to repolish
315
regarnir
to restock (shelves), refill (purse)
316
réassortir
to restock (shop), to replace (glasses)
317
rétablir
to restore (order), recover (health), re-establish (contact)
318
retentir
to ring [doorbell, trumpet, words]
319
mûrir
to ripen [fruit], mature, give careful consideration to (question)
320
rugir
to roar [lion], howl [wind]
321
rôtir
to roast (meat), toast (bread)
322
ravir qch à qn
to rob sb of sth
323
pourrir
to rot, decay, go bad
324
dégrossir
to rough down (timber), trim
325
dégauchir
to rough-plane (board)
326
recrépir
to roughcast again (wall)
327
arrondir
to round off
328
tarir, se
to run dry, dry up [source, imagination]
329
engloutir
to run through (fortune), gobble up (food)
330
roussir
to russet or brown (meat, linen)
331
glatir
to scream [eagle]
332
nantir, se
to secure o.s.
333
saisir de, se
to seize upon
334
saisir
to seize, grab, refer (a matter to a court)
335
sertir
to set (precious stone)
336
resplendir
to shine [metal]
337
raccourcir
to shorten, reduce the length of
338
ensevelir
to shroud (corpse), bury, entomb
339
engloutir, s’
to sink [boat], be engulfed
340
mollir
to slacken [rope], lose strength [legs]
341
amincir, s’
to slim down
342
ralentir
to slow down (pace), slacken (efforts)
343
ralentir, se
to slow down [production], slow up, become slow
344
aplanir
to smooth (surface), plane (wood)
345
amollir
to soften
346
ramollir
to soften (butter, wax, sb)
347
radoucir
to soften (tone), make milder (weather) [wind]
348
rejaillir
to splash back [water, mud]
349
jaillir de
to spring from
350
accroupir, s’
to squat
351
clapir
to squeal [rabbit]
352
affranchir
to stamp (letter), emancipate, set free (slave)
353
emboutir
to stamp, press (metal), run into (car)
354
raidir
to stiffen (cable)
355
réassortir, se
to stock up again
356
garnir de
to stock with (shop), trim with (lace)
357
raffermir
to strengthen (authority), steady (prices), fortify (courage)
358
affermir
to strengthen, consolidate
359
farcir de
to stuff with (poultry), cram with (ideas, quotations)
360
étourdir
to stun, make dizzy
361
assujettir
to subdue, fasten, curb (passions)
362
assujettir à, s’
to subject o.s. to, submit to
363
asservir à, s’
to submit to, subject o.s. to
364
réussir à
to succeed to
365
pâtir
to suffer
366
pâtir de
to suffer from (injustice)
367
fournir
to supply, provide, follow suit (when playing cards)
368
adoucir
to sweeten, soften
369
compatir à
to sympathize with, be indulgent towards
370
défraîchir
to take away the freshness
371
reconvertir, se
to take up a new activity
372
brunir
to tan, become dark
373
épaissir
to thicken (sauce), get thicker
374
désépaissir
to thin down (hair, sauce)
375
amincir
to thin down, make thinner
376
réfléchir à
to think about
377
endurcir à
to toughen, harden to
378
barrir
to trumpet [elephant]
379
bleuir
to turn blue
380
refroidir, se
to turn cold [weather], to cool down [room]
381
noircir, se
to turn dark, grow dark
382
blondir
to turn golden [wheat], go fairer [hair]
383
verdir
to turn green
384
blêmir
to turn pale, grow dim
385
rougir
to turn red, blush, flush (from fever, embarrassment, emotion)
386
surir
to turn sour
387
aigrir, s’
to turn sour, become embittered
388
blanchir
to turn white [hair], whitewash (wall)
389
jaunir
to turn yellow, fade
390
subir
to undergo (operation, trial), suffer (defeat), come under (influence), sustain (losses), experience (a rise)
391
unir
to unite
392
unir, s’
to unite, marry
393
dessertir
to unset (precious stone)
394
déraidir
to unstiffen
395
anéantir, s’
to vanish, come to nothing
396
vernir
to varnish [wood, nails], glaze (piece of pottery)
397
vagir
to wail, cry [new-born baby]
398
dégourdir, se
to warm up, stretch one’s limbs, grow more alert
399
avertir
to warn, notify
400
gauchir
to warp (board), twist out of shape
401
gauchir, se
to warp [board], twist out of shape
402
dépérir
to waste away [person], decline [health], wither [tree]
403
faiblir
to weaken, lose power [engine], abate [wind]
404
affaiblir
to weaken, reduce
405
reblanchir
to whiten again
406
élargir
to widen (road), set free (prisoner)
407
rélargir
to widen further
408
élargir, s’
to widen out, extend
409
flétrir, se
to wither [flower]
410
flétrir
to wither up [flower], slur [reputation]