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German Lesson: Christine's Functionals

Description: top 209 functionals or frequently occurring words in German

Created by: cjblack

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On October 23, 2007 cjblack said: I agree about "doch" (when used as a modal particle). The cards show the most frequently used function. "war geworden" in the example means "had become"

On October 1, 2007 corn_is_evil said: the card of (ist) geworden: the english part should be "she HAS become a famous singer" because it is present perfect.

On October 1, 2007 corn_is_evil said: 'doch' also doesn't mean anything in english it cannot be translated

On March 12, 2008 AmandaL said: I'm making a comment.

List Items

Card #	German	English
1	ab	starting from
2	aber	but, however
3	acht	eight
4	alle	all
5	aller	of all
6	alles	everything
7	allein	alone
8	als ob	as if
9	alt	old
10	am	to, at
11	an	to / at
12	andere	others
13	anders	differently / different
14	auch	also
15	auf	on
16	aus	out, out of
17	außer	except
18	außerhalb	outside
19	bei	with
20	beide	both
21	beim	with the
22	bereits	already
23	besondere	special (ones)
24	besonders	particularly / especially
25	bevor	before
26	(der) Bezug	reference
27	bis	until
28	bisher	hitherto
29	da	since / because
30	da	here / there
31	dabei	thereby, in doing so
32	damit	so that
33	das	the
34	dass / daß	that
35	den	the
36	denn	because
37	der	the
38	die	the
39	dies, diese, dieser, dieses	this, these
40	doch	nevertheless, yet
41	dort	there
42	drei	three
43	dritte , dritter, drittes	third
44	durch	through
45	dürfen	may, be allowed to
46	ehe	before
47	ein, eine	a / an / one
48	einmal	once
49	als	when
50	als	than
51	eins	one
52	entgegen	towards
53	entlang	along
54	entsprechend	according to / accordingly
55	entweder ... oder	either ... oder
56	er	he
57	erst	first
58	erste, erster, erstes	first
59	es	it
60	etwa	about, approximately
61	etwas	something
62	falls	if, in case of
63	fast	almost
64	fünf	five
65	für	for
66	ganz	quite / whole / entire
67	gegen	against
68	gegenüber	opposite
69	gemäß	according to
70	gerade	just (now) / straight
71	gestern	yesterday
72	gibt	gives
73	groß	large / big
74	gut	good, well
75	haben: hat, hatte, hat gehabt	to have: has, had, has had
76	heute	today
77	hier	here
78	hinter	behind
79	(ein) hundert	(one) hundred
80	ich	I
81	ihm	him, it
82	ihn	him, it
83	ihnen	them
84	ihr	her, to her, to it
85	im	in the
86	in	in
87	indem	as, by doing so
88	infolge	due to / as a consequence of
89	innerhalb	within
90	ins	into the
91	ist	is
92	jede, jeder, jedes	each
93	jedoch	however
94	jene, jener, jenes	those / that one
95	jetzt	now
96	kaum	scarcely
97	kein, keine, keiner	no one
98	klein	small
99	können: kann, konnte, hat können	to be able to / can: can, could, has been able to
100	längs	along
101	lassen: läßt, ließ, hat gelassen / lassen	to let / allow / permit / leave: lets, let, has let
102	man	one
103	manche, mancher, manches	some
104	mehr	more
105	mein	my
106	mich	me
107	mir	to me
108	mit	with
109	mögen: mag, mochte, hat mögen	like: may, might, liked, has liked
110	morgen	tomorrow
111	müssen: muss, musste, hat müssen	to have to: must, had to, has had to
112	nach	after
113	nachdem	after
114	neben	beside
115	neu	new
116	neun	nine
117	nicht	not
118	nichts	nothing
119	noch	still
120	nun	now
121	nur	only
122	ob	whether
123	obgleich	although
124	oder	or
125	ohne	without
126	ein paar	a few
127	plötzlich	suddenly
128	schließlich	finally
129	schnell	fast
130	schon	already
131	sechs	six
132	sei, seien	is / are said to
133	(das) Sein	(the) being
134	sein: ist, war, ist gewesen	to be: is, was, has been
135	sein	to be
136	seit	since (time)
137	seit	since
138	sich	(him / her / it) self; (them) selves
139	sie	she , they
140	sieben	seven
141	sobald	as soon as
142	solch, solche, solcher, solches	such
143	sollen: soll, sollte, hat sollen	should / ought to / supposed to
144	sondern	but
145	sonst	otherwise
146	soweit	so far
147	soweit	as far as
148	sowohl …als auch	both … and
149	spät	late
150	statt	instead of
151	statt	instead of / in lieu of
152	trotz	despite
153	über	over, above
154	um	(a)round
155	um ... zu	in order to
156	und	and
157	uns	us
158	unser, unsre	our
159	unten	below
160	unter	under
161	viel	much
162	vielleicht	perhaps
163	vier	four
164	vom	from the / of the
165	von	from / of
166	vor	infront
167	während	during
168	während	whereas / while
169	war	was
170	was	which / what
171	wegen	because of
172	weil	because / since (reason)
173	welche, welcher, welches	which
174	wenig	little (not much)
175	wenn	when, if
176	wer	who
177	werden: wird, wurde, ist geworden	to become: becomes, became, has become
178	wider	against
179	wieder	again
180	wir	we
181	wird	becomes / is being
182	wollen: will, wollte, hat wollen	to want to / intend to
183	(ist) geworden	(has) become
184	wurde	became / was being
185	würde	would
186	zehn	ten
187	zu	to
188	zu	too
189	zum	to the
190	zur	to the
191	zurück	back / return
192	zusammen	together
193	zwanzig	twenty
194	zwei	two
195	zwischen	between
196	zwölf	twelve
197	sein	his / its
198	trotzdem	although
199	viele	many
200	vor	ago / before
201	was	what
202	könnte	could / would be able to
203	allein	only, but
204	ihr	her
205	als	as
206	entgegen	against
207	trotzdem	nevertheless
208	welche, welcher, welches	which
209	auch wenn	even if

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German Lesson: Christine's Functionals

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